In this paper a mathematical model for the soda ash drying process in a pneumatic dryer was presented. The model presents a macroscopic aspect of the drying process, for a two-phase, gas-solid system. The model is based on mass and heat transfer between the gas phase and the particle, movement of air and particles through the system, and geometric characteristics of the drying system (fan, air heater, pneumatic dryer, and cyclone). The effects of the process parameters, such as airflow, inlet air temperature, and relative humidity, temperature at the inlet of the dryer, etc., have been studied by solving the model. Also, the model was tested for different values of the capacity of wet soda and different values of the operating parameters of the heating medium. The model was implemented in MATLAB and solved with a nonlinear equations solver. Data obtained by the model were compared with industrial pneumatic dryer data for drying wet soda ash particles with good agreement.
Arsenijević, Z. (2006). rastvora i suspenzija u pokretnomsloju inertnih čestica, doktorska disertacija.
Baeyens, J., van Gauwbergen, D., & Vinckier, I. (1995). Pneumatic drying: the use of large-scale experimental data in a design procedure. Powder Technology, 83(2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(94)02945-k
Chapuis, A., Precoppe, M., Méot, J. M., Sriroth, K., & Tran, T. (2017). Pneumatic drying of cassava starch: Numerical analysis and guidelines for the design of efficient small-scale dryers. Drying Technology, 35(4), 393–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2016.1177537
El-Behery, S. M., El-Askary, W. A., Hamed, M. H., & Ibrahim, K. A. (2012). Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in pneumatic conveying dryer. Computers & Fluids, 68, 159–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2012.08.006
Fyhr, C., & Rasmuson, A. (1997). Mathematical model of a pneumatic conveying dryer. AIChE Journal, 43(11), 2889–2902. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690431102
Górnicki, K., & Kaleta, A. (2011). Some problems related to mathematical modelling of mass transfer exemplified of convection drying of biological materials. In Heat and mass transfer–modeling and simulation. InTech.
Gunn, D. J. (1978). Transfer of heat or mass to particles in fixed and fluidised beds. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 21(4), 467–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(78)90080-7
Hopmans, J. W. (2006). Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations. Vadose Zone Journal, 5(1), 506–506. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2005.0100br
Jamaleddine, T. J., & Ray, M. B. (2011). The Drying of Sludge in a Cyclone Dryer Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Drying Technology, 29(12), 1365–1377. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2011.567946
Josimovic, M., Prvulovic, S., Tolmac, J., & Mihajlovic, V. (2020). Determination of the parameters of the drying process of sodium bicarbonate in a pneumatic dryer. Machines. Technologies, Materials.,14(5, 199–200.
Korn, O. (2001). Cyclone dryer: A pneumatic dryer with in-creased solid residence time.Drying Technology,19(8),1925–1937.
Levy, A., & Borde, I. (1999). Steady state one dimensional flow model for a pneumatic dryer. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 38(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0255-2701(98)00079-8
Li, J., & Mason, D. J. (2000). A computational investigation of transient heat transfer in pneumatic transport of granular particles. Powder Technology, 112(3), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(00)00302-8
Luna, F., & Martínez, J. (1994). Selectivity during convectivedrying of a ternary mixture. 9th International Drying Symposium, 94 969-976.
Meng, W., Kotamarthy, L., Panikar, S., Sen, M., Pradhan, S., Marc, M., Litster, J. D., Muzzio, F. J., & Ramachandran, R. (2016). Statistical analysis and comparison of a continuous high shear granulator with a twin screw granulator: Effect of process parameters on critical granule attributes and granulation mechanisms. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 513(1–2), 357–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.041
Mortier, S. T. F. C., De Beer, T., Gernaey, K. V., Remon, J. P., Vervaet, C., & Nopens, I. (2011). Mechanistic modelling of fluidized bed drying processes of wet porous granules: A review. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 79(2), 205–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.05.013
Mujumdar, A. S., & Devahastin, S. (2000). principles of drying(Vol (Vol. 1).
Narimatsu, C. P., Ferreira, M. C., & Freire, J. T. (2007). Drying of Coarse Particles in a Vertical Pneumatic Conveyor. Drying Technology, 25(2), 291–302. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373930601119599
Neugebauer, C., Palis, S., Bück, A., Tsotsas, E., Heinrich, S., & Kienle, A. (2017). A dynamic two-zone model of continuous fluidized bed layering granulation with internal product classification. Particuology, 31, 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2016.07.001
Patro, P., Patro, B., & Murugan, S. (2014). Prediction of Two-Phase Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Dilute Gas–Solid Flows: A Numerical Investigation. Drying Technology, 32(10), 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2014.887095
Pelegrina, A. H., & Crapiste, G. H. (2001). Modelling the pneumatic drying of food particles. Journal of Food Engineering, 48(4), 301–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0260-8774(00)00170-9
Rajan, K. S., Srivastava, S. N., Pitchumani, B., & Mohanty, B. (2006). Simulation of gas–solid heat transfer during pneumatic conveying: Use of multiple gas inlets along the duct. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 33(10), 1234–1242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2006.06.011
Rajan, K. S., Srivastava, S. N., Pitchumani, B., & Surendiran, V. (2010). Thermal conductance of pneumatic conveying preheater for air–gypsum and air–sand heat transfer. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 49(1), 182–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2009.07.001
Ražnjević, K. (1989). Narodna tehnikaHrvatske.
Sapozhnikov, S. Z., Mityakov, V. Y., Gusakov, A. A., Seroshtanov, V. V., & Subbotina, V. V. (2019). Experimental determination of circular fin effectiveness. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1382(1), 012036. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1382/1/012036
Satpati, B., Koley, C., & Datta, S. (2020). Nonlinear model of pneumatic conveying dryer for economic process control. Drying Technology, 38(11), 1516–1537. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2019.1648286
Tarawneh, M., & Hammad, M. (2012). Dimensional analysisand empirical correlations for heat transfer and pressuredrop in condensation and evaporation processes of flowinside micropipes: case study with carbon dioxide (co2. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences And, Engineering,34(1, 89–96.
Thapa, P., Tripathi, J., & Jeong, S. H. (2019). Recent trends and future perspective of pharmaceutical wet granulation for better process understanding and product development. Powder Technology, 344, 864–882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.12.080
Citation
Copyright
Authors retain copyright. This work is made freely available online under an open-access model under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/BY-NC-ND 4.0).
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
