The Enzyme Immobilization: Carriers and Immobilization methods

Abstract

Strategies based on the enzyme application are increasingly replacing the conventionalchemical procedures because of their efficiency, quicker performance and environmentalprotection. However, natural enzymes can rarely be used in industrysince their beneficial features cannot endure the industrial conditions. Additionaldrawbacks of natural enzymes are their inhibition by reaction products and difficultyto be removed from the reaction mixture. The most promising techniqueto substantially improve the enzyme properties, such as activity, pH, thermal andorganic-solvent stability, reusability and storage stability, in non-natural environmentsis by the enzyme immobilization. In this review different techniques usedto immobilize enzymes to inert carriers were summarized. Different materials ofboth the organic and inorganic origin were used as carriers for the enzyme immobilization.A class of new materials where the enzyme performance was enhancedby combining different classical materials and shaping in specific forms was alsosummarized.

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